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酸洗純化無縫鋼管的鈍化知識要點
作者:山東無縫鋼管廠 來源://yixinbio.com 日期:2021/1/18 16:31:49

  酸洗純化無縫鋼管的鈍化知識要點

  什么是腐蝕?

  腐(fu)蝕是一種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學變化(hua)過程(cheng),未經處理(li)的金(jin)屬表面存在(zai)少量電(dian)(dian)(dian)離子,這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)離子會(hui)由高電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)區(qu)(陰極)向低電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)區(qu)(陽極)移動,因此產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。在(zai)此電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)會(hui)加速對金(jin)屬破(po)壞(huai)性的攻擊(ji)而(er)在(zai)金(jin)屬電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)薄弱的部位(wei)產(chan)生腐(fu)蝕,通俗的說(shuo)就(jiu)是生銹。

  鈍化的原理

  其鈍(dun)(dun)化的(de)機理(li)可用(yong)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)理(li)論(lun)來解釋,即認(ren)為(wei)鈍(dun)(dun)化是(shi)由于金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)與氧(yang)化性質(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong),作(zuo)用(yong)時(shi)在(zai)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)面(mian)生成 一(yi)種非常薄(bo)的(de)、致密的(de)、覆蓋性能(neng)良好的(de)、牢固地(di)吸附在(zai)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)表(biao)面(mian)上的(de)鈍(dun)(dun)化膜(mo)(mo)。這層膜(mo)(mo)成相存在(zai),通常是(shi)氧(yang)化金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)的(de)化合物。它起著把金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)與腐蝕介(jie)質(zhi)完全(quan)隔(ge)開的(de)作(zuo)用(yong),防(fang)(fang)止金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)與腐蝕介(jie)質(zhi)接觸,從而(er)使(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)基本停止溶(rong)解形成鈍(dun)(dun)態達到(dao)防(fang)(fang)腐蝕的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。

  酸洗純化無縫鋼管鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)道理:金(jin)屬經氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)處(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),其(qi)侵蝕速度(du)比本來未處(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)前有明(ming)顯下降的(de)景象(xiang)稱金(jin)屬的(de)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。其(qi)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)機理首(shou)要可用(yong)薄膜(mo)(mo)(mo)理論(lun)來分析(xi),即以為鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是因為金(jin)屬與(yu)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo),效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)時(shi)在金(jin)屬外表生(sheng)成一(yi)種十分薄的(de)、致密的(de)、掩蓋功能(neng)優(you)越的(de)、能(neng)中固地附在金(jin)屬外表上的(de)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)。這(zhe)層膜(mo)(mo)(mo)成自力相(xiang)存在,凡間是氧和金(jin)屬的(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)合物(wu)。它起著把金(jin)屬與(yu)侵蝕介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)完(wan)全離隔(ge)的(de)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo),避免金(jin)屬與(yu)侵蝕介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)直接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu),然后(hou)(hou)使金(jin)屬根本中止消融(rong)。奧(ao)氏體不銹鋼(gang)經氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)處(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)其(qi)外表能(neng)構成知足上述要求的(de)鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)(mo),但(dan)該鈍(dun)(dun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)在起活化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)的(de)Cl-、Br-、F-等鹵素離子效(xiao)果(guo)(guo)下,極易遭(zao)到毀壞。


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